The Museum of Science and Industry in Manchester - Joule and Energy
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Joule & Energy: The Mechanical Equivalent of Heat
Conducted
by James Joule in Salford, Manchester, 1845

"By 1845, Joule had carried out previous experiments that explored the relationship between electricity and work.
This experiment was intended to demonstrate that friction between water molecules, caused by the movement of the paddlewheel, would have the effect of increasing the temperature of the water.
By doing so, Joule derived a numerical value for the relationship between heat and mechanical work"
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